ssach Level 1 of the Dungeon (1, -1, D:1) a +0 dagger (1, 3, D:1) a rat corpse (skeletalised by now) (2, -1, D:1) a +0 spear (10, 8, D:1) a +0 leather armour (13, 4, D:1) a +0 spear (16, 14, D:1) a +0 chain mail (17, -16, D:1) a +0 club a goblin corpse (skeletalised by now) (22, -30, D:1) a +0 scale mail (23, -9, D:1) a +0 dagger (27, -5, D:1) a +0 leather armour (30, -26, D:1) a +0 dagger a +0 dagger a goblin corpse (skeletalised by now) (35, -4, D:1) a +0 club (38, 10, D:1) a +0 sling (46, -5, D:1) a +0 club (47, -12, D:1) a +0 dagger a goblin skeleton Level 2 of the Dungeon (0, 0, D:2) a quokka corpse (skeletalised by now) (1, 0, D:2) a +0 whip 4 stones a kobold corpse (skeletalised by now) (12, 5, D:2) a rat skeleton (12, 20, D:2) a ball python skeleton (13, 35, D:2) a ball python corpse (skeletalised by now) (18, 25, D:2) an adder corpse (skeletalised by now) (19, -1, D:2) a +0 short sword a kobold corpse (skeletalised by now) (20, 25, D:2) a bat skeleton (23, 21, D:2) a quokka skeleton (26, 2, D:2) a hobgoblin corpse (skeletalised by now) (36, -5, D:2) a +0 buckler (39, 15, D:2) a +0 sling Level 3 of the Dungeon (0, 0, D:3) a +0 hand axe (1, 3, D:3) 5 darts of disjunction (5, -1, D:3) a +0 dagger (6, -14, D:3) a rat corpse (skeletalised by now) (6, -12, D:3) a +0 dagger (6, 0, D:3) a +0 dagger (8, -7, D:3) a +0 robe (8, -3, D:3) a +0 scale mail (9, -10, D:3) a +0 chain mail (10, -14, D:3) a +0 robe (24, 11, D:3) a +0 whip 2 stones (29, 25, D:3) a +0 robe (36, 17, D:3) a +0 club a kobold skeleton (38, 18, D:3) a ball python skeleton (40, 4, D:3) a +0 war axe an orc skeleton (45, 25, D:3) a +0 hand axe (46, 4, D:3) an adder skeleton (49, -10, D:3) a +0 short sword (55, 8, D:3) a +0 whip Level 4 of the Dungeon (0, 0, D:4) a +0 club (0, 18, D:4) a +0 club a goblin corpse (skeletalised by now) (2, 44, D:4) a +0 ring mail (6, 9, D:4) a +0 club a +0 dagger a goblin skeleton a goblin skeleton (6, 43, D:4) a +0 short sword 3 stones (7, -4, D:4) a hobgoblin skeleton (7, 9, D:4) a +0 helmet a +0 animal skin a +0 spear of pain (7, 40, D:4) a parchment of Alistair's Walking Alembic (9, 9, D:4) a +0 club a +0 club a +0 club a +0 dagger a +0 club a +0 club a +0 dagger a goblin skeleton a ball python skeleton a goblin skeleton (11, 9, D:4) a hobgoblin skeleton (17, 26, D:4) a +0 dagger (18, -1, D:4) a +0 giant spiked club an ogre skeleton (18, 19, D:4) a +0 dagger a goblin skeleton (19, 20, D:4) an adder skeleton (26, 42, D:4) a quokka corpse (skeletalised by now) (26, 43, D:4) a +0 short sword 2 stones a kobold corpse (skeletalised by now) (27, 26, D:4) a hound skeleton (29, 26, D:4) a +0 war axe (40, 48, D:4) a +0 dagger (42, 5, D:4) a +0 club (42, 48, D:4) a +0 dagger (43, 13, D:4) a +0 giant club (49, 37, D:4) a hobgoblin skeleton (54, 46, D:4) an adder corpse (skeletalised by now) (54, 48, D:4) a +0 spear (57, 46, D:4) a +0 scale mail Level 5 of the Dungeon [Shop] Jakuts's Tremendous Tomes the Octavo of the Modern Wars (1120 gold) Spells Type Level a - Mercury Arrow Conjuration/Alchemy 2 b - Lesser Beckoning Translocation 2 c - Volatile Blastmotes Fire/Translocation 3 d - Petrify Alchemy/Earth 4 e - Ignite Poison Fire/Alchemy 4 f - Alistair's Intoxication Alchemy 5 g - Summon Forest Summoning/Translocation 5 h - Malign Gateway Summoning/Translocation 7 the Folio of Inhalation and the Blink Frog (1120 gold) Spells Type Level a - Momentum Strike Conjuration/Translocation 2 b - Mephitic Cloud Conjuration/Alchemy/Air 3 c - Maxwell's Portable Piledriver Translocation 3 d - Teleport Other Translocation 3 e - Forge Lightning Spire Air/Forgecraft 4 f - Silence Hexes/Air 5 g - Conjure Ball Lightning Conjuration/Air 6 h - Plasma Beam Fire/Air 6 Vufea's Discursus on Spellbinding (1120 gold) Spells Type Level a - Jinxbite Hexes 2 b - Ensorcelled Hibernation Hexes/Ice 2 c - Confusing Touch Hexes 3 d - Sigil of Binding Hexes 3 e - Tukima's Dance Hexes 3 f - Yara's Violent Unravelling Hexes/Alchemy 5 g - Enfeeble Hexes 7 h - Sphinx Sisters Hexes/Summoning 7 Sif Muna's Annotations on Nonlocality and Silt (1120 gold) Spells Type Level a - Sandblast Earth 1 b - Maxwell's Portable Piledriver Translocation 3 c - Teleport Other Translocation 3 d - Summon Seismosaurus Egg Summoning/Earth 4 e - Passage of Golubria Translocation 4 f - Borgnjor's Vile Clutch Necromancy/Earth 5 g - Summon Forest Summoning/Translocation 5 h - Manifold Assault Translocation 7 the Volume of Geometric Linkages (1535 gold) Spells Type Level a - Forge Lightning Spire Air/Forgecraft 4 b - Iskenderun's Battlesphere Conjuration/Forgecraft 4 c - Nazja's Percussive Tempering Forgecraft 5 d - Fortress Blast Forgecraft 6 e - Gell's Gavotte Translocation 6 f - Diamond Sawblades Forgecraft 7 g - Disjunction Translocation 8 h - Platinum Paragon Forgecraft 9 the Folio of the Wintry Excursion (1204 gold) Spells Type Level a - Freeze Ice 1 b - Ensorcelled Hibernation Hexes/Ice 2 c - Volatile Blastmotes Fire/Translocation 3 d - Maxwell's Portable Piledriver Translocation 3 e - Iskenderun's Mystic Blast Conjuration/Translocation 4 f - Dispersal Translocation 6 g - Rimeblight Ice/Necromancy 7 h - Polar Vortex Ice 9 the Incunabulum of Nigredo (1204 gold) Spells Type Level a - Mercury Arrow Conjuration/Alchemy 2 b - Mephitic Cloud Conjuration/Alchemy/Air 3 c - Leda's Liquefaction Alchemy/Earth 4 d - Petrify Alchemy/Earth 4 e - Fulminant Prism Conjuration/Alchemy 4 f - Sticky Flame Fire/Alchemy 4 g - Sculpt Simulacrum Ice/Alchemy 6 h - Fulsome Fusillade Conjuration/Alchemy 8 the Secrets of Frameworks and the Snowflakes (1400 gold) Spells Type Level a - Construct Spike Launcher Forgecraft 2 b - Summon Ice Beast Ice/Summoning 3 c - Awaken Armour Earth/Forgecraft 4 d - Nazja's Percussive Tempering Forgecraft 5 e - Forge Phalanx Beetle Forgecraft 6 f - Permafrost Eruption Ice/Earth 6 g - Ozocubu's Refrigeration Ice 7 h - Polar Vortex Ice 9 (0, 0, D:5) a +0 chain mail (1, 7, D:5) a black bear skeleton (4, -1, D:5) a +0 robe (12, 7, D:5) a +0 robe (22, 31, D:5) a +0 pair of gloves (26, -13, D:5) an adder corpse (skeletalised by now) (35, 15, D:5) a +0 club a +0 war axe (35, 16, D:5) a +0 robe a +0 dagger a +0 robe a +0 dagger an orc skeleton an orc skeleton (36, 16, D:5) a +0 leather armour a +0 short sword an orc skeleton (47, 23, D:5) a +0 giant club an ogre skeleton (61, 22, D:5) a +0 chain mail Level 6 of the Dungeon [Shop] Irama's Weapon Emporium 4 poisoned darts (26 gold) a +0 falchion (33 gold) a +0 hand axe (33 gold) a +3 quarterstaff of speed (352 gold) a +0 rapier (60 gold) a +0 mace (33 gold) a +0 rapier (60 gold) a +0 falchion (33 gold) a +0 dagger (22 gold) a +0 long sword (38 gold) (0, 0, D:6) a +0 short sword a +0 leather armour (0, 2, D:6) a +0 dagger a +0 robe (11, 3, D:6) a yak skeleton (15, -21, D:6) a +0 halberd (16, -24, D:6) a +0 orcbow (16, -22, D:6) a +0 falchion a +0 flail (17, -23, D:6) a +0 halberd a gnoll skeleton (18, -25, D:6) a +0 halberd a gnoll skeleton (25, -3, D:6) a yak skeleton a yak skeleton a yak skeleton a yak skeleton (28, -16, D:6) a +0 leather armour a +0 short sword of venom an orc skeleton (59, -21, D:6) an adder corpse (skeletalised by now) Level 7 of the Dungeon (3, 8, D:7) an inkwell talisman (5, -5, D:7) a +0 whip (13, -4, D:7) a +0 orcbow (15, 11, D:7) a +0 flail (15, 12, D:7) a +0 hand axe a +2 trident of protection a +0 scale mail (16, 9, D:7) a +0 flail a +0 plate armour an orc skeleton (20, 9, D:7) a +0 short sword a +0 leather armour an orc skeleton (26, 27, D:7) a +0 scale mail (32, 4, D:7) a +0 ring mail (32, 11, D:7) a howler monkey skeleton (33, 30, D:7) a +0 hammer (33, 47, D:7) a staff of earth (36, -11, D:7) a hound corpse (skeletalised by now) (38, 3, D:7) a +0 spear (38, 5, D:7) a +0 hand axe a +0 ring mail a +0 club a +0 ring mail (38, 13, D:7) a +0 whip a +0 spear a +0 ring mail a gnoll skeleton (39, 2, D:7) a +0 spear a +0 club a +0 leather armour a gnoll skeleton (40, 2, D:7) a +0 dagger a +0 robe (41, 17, D:7) a +0 dagger a +0 spear an orc skeleton a gnoll skeleton (42, 2, D:7) a +0 short sword a +0 halberd an orc corpse (skeletalised by now) (44, 21, D:7) a +0 club a +0 flail a +0 club a gnoll skeleton (45, 3, D:7) a +0 spear a +0 heavy spear a +0 scale mail a +0 club a gnoll corpse (skeletalised by now) a gnoll corpse (skeletalised by now) (45, 14, D:7) a +0 ring mail (50, 8, D:7) a +0 giant spiked club an ogre skeleton (51, -11, D:7) a +2 trident of draining a +0 robe an orb of mesmerism Level 8 of the Dungeon [Shop] Sufu's Antique Potions a potion of haste (290 gold) a potion of resistance (290 gold) a potion of might (116 gold) a potion of heal wounds (232 gold) 2 potions of curing (174 gold) a potion of curing (87 gold) (0, 0, D:8) a +0 dagger a +0 club a +0 dagger a stone a +0 dagger a kobold corpse (skeletalised by now) a kobold corpse (skeletalised by now) (1, -1, D:8) a +0 dagger 2 stones (1, 0, D:8) a +0 club 3 stones a kobold corpse (skeletalised by now) (12, 9, D:8) a +0 whip a kobold skeleton (12, 10, D:8) a +3 short sword of venom a kobold skeleton (16, -9, D:8) a yak skeleton (18, 10, D:8) a +0 orcbow a +0 falchion a +0 leather armour an orc corpse (skeletalised by now) (19, 12, D:8) a +0 club an orc corpse (skeletalised by now) (20, 12, D:8) a +0 mace a +0 chain mail an orc corpse (skeletalised by now) (23, -17, D:8) a +0 robe a +0 dagger a +0 mace an orc skeleton (24, -17, D:8) a +0 chain mail a +0 flail (25, 4, D:8) a +0 robe a +0 mace the orc skeleton of Blorkula the orcula (26, 23, D:8) a +0 leather armour a +0 dagger an orc skeleton (28, 7, D:8) a yak skeleton (29, 25, D:8) a +0 dagger a +0 robe a +0 dagger a +0 robe a +0 dagger (30, 23, D:8) a +0 short sword (30, 25, D:8) a +2 war axe of venom a +0 ring mail a +0 dagger a +0 leather armour a +0 club a +0 ring mail a +0 hand axe an orc skeleton (33, 36, D:8) a +0 scimitar (47, -9, D:8) a +0 hand axe (47, -8, D:8) a +0 chain mail a +0 hand axe a bullfrog skeleton (48, -8, D:8) a +0 chain mail a +0 hand axe a +0 club (49, -8, D:8) a +0 short sword (54, -13, D:8) a +0 rapier (66, 31, D:8) a +0 long sword Level 9 of the Dungeon (0, 0, D:9) a +0 short sword (0, 1, D:9) a +1 flail of protection a +0 leather armour an orc corpse (skeletalised by now) (1, 1, D:9) a +0 halberd a +0 orcbow a +0 chain mail (9, -5, D:9) a +0 club (14, 5, D:9) a +0 long sword (14, 8, D:9) a +0 orcbow (14, 17, D:9) a +0 giant club (15, -5, D:9) a yak skeleton (26, -3, D:9) a +0 robe a +0 short sword (28, -7, D:9) a +0 ring mail (28, 14, D:9) a +0 sling (32, 27, D:9) 11 gold pieces (33, 34, D:9) a +0 helmet (37, 3, D:9) a +0 robe a +0 dagger an orc skeleton (43, -7, D:9) a howler monkey corpse (skeletalised by now) (43, 1, D:9) a +2 dagger of draining a +0 robe (43, 9, D:9) a +0 short sword a +0 shortbow a +0 leather armour a +0 dagger a +0 robe an orc corpse (skeletalised by now) (44, 9, D:9) a +0 rapier a +3 leather armour (48, 9, D:9) a +0 long sword a +0 robe (49, 7, D:9) a +0 dagger a +0 longbow a +0 leather armour (50, 5, D:9) a +1 dagger of speed (still there?) a +0 scale mail (still there?) an elf skeleton (still there?) (52, -5, D:9) a +0 scale mail (56, -7, D:9) a +0 long sword Level 10 of the Dungeon (0, 0, D:10) a +0 chain mail (4, 19, D:10) a +0 ring mail (15, -25, D:10) a +0 halberd (15, -5, D:10) a +0 short sword (15, -4, D:10) a +0 club an orc skeleton (15, -3, D:10) a +0 mace (16, -25, D:10) a +0 halberd a +0 spear a +0 ring mail a +0 buckler a gnoll corpse (skeletalised by now) (16, 19, D:10) a +0 giant spiked club a +0 giant club (17, -25, D:10) a +0 club a gnoll corpse (skeletalised by now) (17, -3, D:10) a +0 dagger (19, 2, D:10) a parchment of Dispel Undead (19, 9, D:10) a yak skeleton a yak skeleton (21, -28, D:10) a +0 pair of boots (22, 1, D:10) a +0 robe a +0 dagger an orc skeleton an acid dragon skeleton (23, 0, D:10) a +0 hand axe a +0 hand axe an orc skeleton (23, 1, D:10) a +0 chain mail a +0 halberd an orc skeleton (25, -2, D:10) a +0 hand axe an orc skeleton (27, -4, D:10) a +0 robe a +0 dagger an orc skeleton (30, -19, D:10) a +0 chain mail a +0 dagger an orc corpse (skeletalised by now) (30, 20, D:10) a +0 long sword (35, -22, D:10) a +0 trident (36, -21, D:10) a +0 whip a +0 robe a +2 dagger of speed (36, -20, D:10) a +0 morningstar an orc skeleton (38, -20, D:10) a +0 flail (42, -4, D:10) a +0 troll leather armour a howler monkey skeleton a troll skeleton (43, -19, D:10) a +0 quarterstaff a gnoll skeleton (43, -4, D:10) a +0 robe a +1 dagger of electrocution a +0 dagger a howler monkey skeleton (44, -5, D:10) a +0 leather armour a +0 club an orc skeleton (44, -4, D:10) a +0 club a +0 robe (44, -3, D:10) a +0 mace (48, 4, D:10) a +0 short sword a +0 heavy hand axe Level 1 of the Lair of Beasts (0, 0, Lair:1) a +1 scimitar of flaming (1, 0, Lair:1) +0 steam dragon scales a steam dragon skeleton (5, -8, Lair:1) 3 flux baubles (9, 27, Lair:1) a +0 demon whip of venom the demonspawn corpse of Amaemon (skeletalised by now) (13, 7, Lair:1) a parchment of Sandblast (24, 20, Lair:1) a basilisk corpse (skeletalised by now) (32, 1, Lair:1) a bullfrog skeleton (49, -1, Lair:1) a dream sheep corpse (skeletalised by now) (49, 4, Lair:1) a cane toad corpse (skeletalised by now) (49, 24, Lair:1) a water moccasin corpse (skeletalised by now) (50, 4, Lair:1) a rime drake corpse (skeletalised by now) (51, -25, Lair:1) a black mamba skeleton (60, -15, Lair:1) a yak skeleton (60, -14, Lair:1) a yak skeleton (67, 19, Lair:1) a black mamba corpse (skeletalised by now) Level 2 of the Lair of Beasts (0, 0, Lair:2) a +0 leather armour (1, -17, Lair:2) a water moccasin skeleton (12, -1, Lair:2) a bullfrog skeleton (14, -21, Lair:2) a staff of alchemy (14, 1, Lair:2) a water moccasin skeleton (17, -11, Lair:2) a +0 leather armour (21, 10, Lair:2) a water moccasin skeleton (22, 0, Lair:2) a bullfrog skeleton (26, 17, Lair:2) a parchment of Inner Flame (37, -11, Lair:2) a blink frog skeleton (40, -15, Lair:2) a +0 mace (46, -14, Lair:2) a blink frog corpse (skeletalised by now) Level 3 of the Lair of Beasts (0, 0, Lair:3) a bog body skeleton (0, 2, Lair:3) a death yak corpse (skeletalised by now) (14, 3, Lair:3) an electric eel corpse (skeletalised by now) (15, -30, Lair:3) a cane toad skeleton (15, 3, Lair:3) an electric eel corpse (skeletalised by now) (29, -33, Lair:3) a +0 morningstar (30, -19, Lair:3) a yak corpse (skeletalised by now) (30, -18, Lair:3) a yak corpse (skeletalised by now) (31, -18, Lair:3) a yak corpse (skeletalised by now) (39, -39, Lair:3) a raven skeleton (46, -3, Lair:3) a hydra skeleton (46, -2, Lair:3) a water moccasin skeleton (48, -28, Lair:3) a +0 dagger (48, -6, Lair:3) a hydra skeleton (57, -15, Lair:3) a +1 heavy flail (58, -34, Lair:3) a black mamba corpse (skeletalised by now) (63, -29, Lair:3) a water moccasin corpse (skeletalised by now) Level 4 of the Lair of Beasts (0, 0, Lair:4) a water moccasin skeleton (6, 19, Lair:4) a parchment of Sticky Flame (21, 2, Lair:4) a hydra skeleton (23, -27, Lair:4) a +0 halberd (24, -26, Lair:4) an orb of glass (34, -32, Lair:4) a hydra skeleton (37, -8, Lair:4) a catoblepas corpse (skeletalised by now) (42, -4, Lair:4) an elephant corpse (skeletalised by now) (47, 13, Lair:4) a +0 leather armour (51, 14, Lair:4) a +0 trident (52, 4, Lair:4) a +0 leather armour (53, 2, Lair:4) a +3 longbow of flaming a +0 barding (54, -8, Lair:4) a hell rat skeleton (56, -8, Lair:4) a hell rat skeleton Level 5 of the Lair of Beasts (0, 37, Lair:5) a death yak corpse (skeletalised by now) (2, 9, Lair:5) a water moccasin skeleton a black mamba skeleton (2, 12, Lair:5) a water moccasin skeleton (2, 33, Lair:5) a catoblepas corpse (skeletalised by now) (3, 10, Lair:5) a komodo dragon skeleton (5, -5, Lair:5) a black mamba skeleton a blink frog skeleton (5, -3, Lair:5) a yak skeleton a yak skeleton (6, -5, Lair:5) a blink frog skeleton (8, 18, Lair:5) a +0 robe (9, 21, Lair:5) a black mamba skeleton (12, -11, Lair:5) a death yak skeleton (13, -15, Lair:5) a +0 dagger (17, 1, Lair:5) a rime drake skeleton (17, 31, Lair:5) a manticore skeleton (17, 32, Lair:5) a yak skeleton (18, 31, Lair:5) a yak skeleton a yak skeleton a yak skeleton a manticore skeleton a manticore skeleton (19, 31, Lair:5) a death yak skeleton a yak skeleton (25, 4, Lair:5) a komodo dragon skeleton a black mamba skeleton (25, 22, Lair:5) a blink frog skeleton (25, 23, Lair:5) a +0 war axe (26, 22, Lair:5) a water moccasin skeleton (26, 23, Lair:5) a hydra skeleton (27, 23, Lair:5) a blink frog skeleton (29, 24, Lair:5) the +1 long sword of Bivoeh {heavy, rPois Dex+6} rPois: It protects you from poison. Dex+6: It affects your dexterity (+6). It cannot be enchanted further. (38, 20, Lair:5) a blink frog skeleton (39, 25, Lair:5) a +0 chain mail (47, -1, Lair:5) a wyvern skeleton (49, 20, Lair:5) a komodo dragon skeleton (51, 0, Lair:5) a cane toad skeleton (51, 19, Lair:5) a blink frog skeleton (52, 21, Lair:5) a blink frog skeleton (56, 2, Lair:5) a water moccasin skeleton (64, 34, Lair:5) a death yak corpse (skeletalised by now) (64, 35, Lair:5) a death yak corpse (skeletalised by now) Level 1 of the Spider Nest (0, 0, Spider:1) a ring of wizardry (3, -2, Spider:1) a +6 ring of dexterity (9, 19, Spider:1) a +0 orcbow (12, 24, Spider:1) a +0 short sword (15, 34, Spider:1) a +0 short sword (35, 27, Spider:1) a parchment of Volatile Blastmotes (39, 8, Spider:1) a +0 leather armour (45, 31, Spider:1) a +0 ring mail (47, 18, Spider:1) a +0 dagger (50, 6, Spider:1) a +0 falchion (57, 17, Spider:1) a +0 great sword Level 2 of the Spider Nest (0, 0, Spider:2) a parchment of Awaken Armour (2, 3, Spider:2) a +0 morningstar (4, 23, Spider:2) a +0 leather armour (8, 9, Spider:2) a +0 falchion (39, 7, Spider:2) a +0 glaive (50, -9, Spider:2) the +4 trident of Gallantry {freeze, rElec Str+4 Stlth+} rElec: It insulates you from electricity. Str+4: It affects your strength (+4). Stlth+: It makes you more stealthy. It cannot be enchanted further. (57, -10, Spider:2) a +0 leather armour Level 3 of the Spider Nest (12, 27, Spider:3) a jorogumo corpse (skeletalised by now) (13, 15, Spider:3) a +0 robe (15, 1, Spider:3) a +0 robe (20, 12, Spider:3) an orb of mayhem (21, 7, Spider:3) a +0 pair of boots (28, 12, Spider:3) a +0 scimitar Level 4 of the Spider Nest (5, 6, Spider:4) a +0 hand axe a +0 robe (13, 7, Spider:4) a +0 leather armour (28, 32, Spider:4) a tarantella corpse (28, 33, Spider:4) a jumping spider corpse (29, 26, Spider:4) 20 gold pieces (30, 32, Spider:4) a redback corpse (34, 31, Spider:4) a jumping spider corpse (34, 32, Spider:4) a steelbarb worm corpse (35, 27, Spider:4) a curare-tipped dart (35, 28, Spider:4) 22 gold pieces (still there?) a +0 war axe (still there?) a +0 leather armour (still there?) an orb of mesmerism (still there?) a wand of paralysis (6) (still there?) an amulet of magic regeneration (still there?) (35, 30, Spider:4) a torpor snail corpse (37, 30, Spider:4) an orb spider corpse (37, 31, Spider:4) a +0 sling (38, 31, Spider:4) a spark wasp corpse (39, 31, Spider:4) a wolf spider corpse